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Altmann等认为中度Al蓄积(血Al2μmol/L)会引起轻微精神运动性迟缓,而在长期血液透析病人中的重度中毒(通常>4μmol/L)可伴发危及生命的脑病。后者在将透析液制成可逆性渗透(reverse o-smosis)时则罕有发生;但病人尽管有这种预防手段,却仍能出现与摄入硫糖铝(一种由氢氧化铝和硫酸化蔗糖制成的合剂)和干燥氢氧化铝(Al胶囊Alu-Cap,Riker)有关的脑病。一例50岁妇女患者,因卵巢癌经顺铂治疗引起晚期肾衰而行每周二次的血液透析治疗三年。自1986～1988年,患者每日摄入8粒胶囊(2.8克Al);1988年11月,用电热原子吸收分光术测定其血浆Al为2.2μmol/L。在作者的长期血液透析病例(50例)中,平均血浆浓度是1.2(0.2～5.2)μmol/L。1989年
Altmann et al. (19) found that moderate Al accumulation (blood A1 2 μmol / L) causes mild psychomotor retardation, whereas severe poisoning (usually> 4 μmol / L) in long-term hemodialysis patients can be associated with life-threatening encephalopathy. The latter is uncommon when the dialysate is made into reverse o-smosis; however, despite this precautionary approach, the patient can still experience the same effects as taking sucralfate, a solution of aluminum hydroxide and sulfuric acid Sucrose) and encephalopathy associated with dry aluminum hydroxide (Al Capsule Alu-Cap, Riker). A 50-year-old woman underwent hemodialysis twice a week for three years because of advanced renal failure due to cisplatin treatment in ovarian cancer. From 1986 to 1988, the patient daily intake of 8 capsules (2.8 g Al); November 1988, the plasma Al was determined by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrophotometry 2.2μmol / L. In the authors’ long-term hemodialysis cases (50 patients), the mean plasma concentration was 1.2 (0.2-5.2) μmol / L. in 1989