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我国是一个多地震的国家,减轻房屋的地震破坏,对于广大农村显得非常重要。根据大量宏观调查和对各类建筑的震害分析可知,在进行抗震设计时应遵守下列原则。一、选择对抗震有利的场地、地基和基础地震区常有“重灾区中有轻灾,轻灾区中有重灾”的现象。因此,选好建筑场地很重要,要考虑房屋所在地段的地质、土质、地形和地下水的深浅等因素对房屋抗震性能的影响,特别要注意以下几点。1.活动断层及附近地区不宜建房,这些地段地震时地面震动强烈,房屋破坏严重。2.含水量大的饱和松砂、软弱的淤泥、松软的人工填土等对房屋的抗震非常不利,而稳定的岩石地基、大块碎石类土、密实的土壤对房屋抗震有利。因为前一类土质在地震时
China is a multi-earthquake country. Relieving the earthquake damage of houses is very important for the vast rural areas. According to a large number of macro surveys and seismic damage analysis of various types of buildings, we should observe the following principles when carrying out seismic design. I. Selection of sites, foundations, and foundations that are favorable to earthquakes Earthquakes often have “light disasters in hard-hit areas and heavy disasters in light-hit areas.” Therefore, it is very important to choose a building site. It is necessary to consider the influence of factors such as the geology, soil quality, topography, and the depth of groundwater on the seismic performance of the house, and pay particular attention to the following points. 1. It is not advisable to build houses on active faults and nearby areas. The earthquakes on these areas caused strong ground shaking and severe house damage. 2. Saturated loose sand with large water content, weak silt, soft artificial fill, etc. are very unfavorable to the earthquake resistance of the house, and stable rock foundation, large pieces of crushed stone soil, and dense soil are beneficial to the earthquake resistance of the house. Because the former type of soil was in earthquake