经济动员作为一种明确的国家行为,初步形成于法国革命时期,产生于18世纪末,出现于1793年法国颁布的《全民总动员法》。现代国民经济动员,形成于第一次世界大战,完善于第二次世界大战,并逐步系统化。最早引起学者的关注是英国经济学家庇古在其专著《战争的政治经济学》中首次对“经济动员”的论述。此后,经济动员就逐渐成为中外学者所关心的问题。 Economic mobilization, as a definite state act, was initially formed during the French Revolution and was produced at the end of the 18th century in France’s enactment of the General Labor Mobilization Law in 1793. Modern mobilization of national economy, formed in the First World War, perfect in the Second World War, and gradually systematic. The earliest scholarly concern was the account of Pigou, the British economist, for the first time in his monograph The Political Economy of War. Since then, economic mobilization has gradually become a concern of Chinese and foreign scholars.