炮台是清代主要的海防设施。广东是中国海岸线最长的省份之一,清代这里曾经有百余座海防炮台,严密控制着所有的海湾。从清初直到清末,广东沿海地区的海防炮台建设时断时续,从未停止。炮台是军事设施,较之民用建筑有着严格的统一规范。同一时期的炮台在选址、形式、配炮上有着高度的相似性,并和其他时期截然不同,这种不同直接反映了各时期海防任务的不同。按其形式的不同,清代广东炮台可以分为三个时期:早期是康、雍、乾时期,其主要任务是沿海地区的管理问题。中期是嘉、道、咸、同时期,其主要任务是“重要港口的保护和管理”。晚期是光绪时期,其主要任务是“防范从海上而来的对重点区域的入侵”。清代广东海防炮台做为中国清代海防一个重要的部分,其个案研究也将具有典型的意义。 Fort is the Qinghai major coastal defense facilities. Guangdong is one of the longest provinces in China’s coastline. In the Qing Dynasty, there used to be over a hundred Haiphong forts that tightly controlled all the gulfs. From the beginning of the Qing Dynasty until the end of the Qing Dynasty, the coastal fortifications in Guangdong’s coastal areas were built intermittently and never stopped. Fort is a military facility, compared with civil construction has a strict uniform standard. During the same period, the turrets have a high degree of similarity in site selection, form, and artillery, and are quite different from other periods. Such differences directly reflect the different tasks of coastal defense in various periods. According to their different forms, the forts in Guangdong in the Qing Dynasty can be divided into three periods: the early Kang, Yong, and dry periods, whose main task is the management of coastal areas. The medium term is Jia, Tao, Xian, the same period, its main task is “important port protection and management ”. Late Guangxu period, its main task is to “prevent from the sea from the invasion of key areas ”. As a major part of maritime defense in Qing dynasty in Qing Dynasty, Guangdong’s Haiphong Fort was also of typical significance in its case study.