对昆明市１００例新生儿进行尿碘及行为神经测定，以了解其碘营养状况及行为神经发育状况．结果：１００例正常新生儿尿碘中位数为９４５３μｇ／Ｌ，有４５％的新生儿尿碘值达到现推荐标准１００μｇ／Ｌ将所测有完整资料的新生儿８２例以尿碘１００μｇ／Ｌ为标准分为正常尿碘组（４０例）及低尿碘组两组（４２例），均以鲍秀兰建立的我国新生儿２０项行为神经评分法（ＮＢＮＡ）进行评分，发现总２０项评分中低碘组稍低于正常尿碘组，但组间无统计学差异（Ｐ＞００５）．而在行为能力评估中对格格声反应、对红球视反应及对说话的人脸反应三项中，低碘组三项评分比正常尿碘组低，组间具有显著性差异（Ｐ＜００１）．结果提示碘缺乏对新生儿行为能力可能有一定的影响 Urinary iodine and behavioral nerves were measured in 100 newborns in Kunming to understand their iodine nutrition status and behavioral neurodevelopmental status. Results: The median urinary iodine of 100 normal newborns was 9453 μg / L, and 45% of newborn urine iodine value reached the recommended standard of 100 μg / L. The 82 newborns with complete data were measured with urinary iodine 100μg / L was divided into normal urinary iodine group (40 cases) and low urinary iodine group (42 cases), all of which were evaluated by 20 newborn behavioral neurological score (NBNA) established by Bao Xiu-lan and found that total 20 Item score in low-iodine group slightly lower than the normal urinary iodine group, but no significant difference between groups (P> 0  05). Among the three items in the assessment of behavioral abilities, the three scores in the low-iodine group were lower than those in the normal urinary iodine group (P <0) 01). The results suggest that iodine deficiency may have some impact on the performance of newborns