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目的探讨苯、甲苯、二甲苯(简称混苯)对作业人员健康的影响。方法选择呼和浩特市某电器公司的喷涂车间接触混苯的作业人员78名作为接触组,该公司不接触混苯的车间作业人员57名作为对照组,并进行常规内科检查和实验室检测。现场用热解析型活性炭管进行采样,实验室用气相色谱法测定空气中混苯浓度。结果长期低浓度混苯接触组的头痛、头晕、睡眠障碍、记忆减退、胸闷、牙龈出血等症状的检出率高于对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01),白细胞(WBC)和中性粒细胞(NEUT)减少的检出率高于对照组(P<0.01,P<0.05),差异均有统计学意义。结论长期接触低浓度混苯可损害作业人员的神经系统及血液系统。
Objective To investigate the effects of benzene, toluene and xylene on workers’ health. Methods A total of 78 workers who mixed with benzene in spraying workshop of an electrical appliance company in Hohhot were selected as the contact group. The company did not touch 57 workers in the mixed benzene workshop as the control group, and conducted routine medical and laboratory tests. Site with thermal analysis of activated carbon tube sampling, laboratory gas chromatography determination of benzene concentration in the air. Results The detection rate of headache, dizziness, sleep disturbance, memory loss, chest tightness and gingival bleeding in long-term low-concentration mixed benzene exposure group were higher than those in control group (P <0.05 or P <0.01) The detection rate of neutrophil (NEUT) reduction was higher than that of the control group (P <0.01, P <0.05). The differences were statistically significant. Conclusion Long-term exposure to low concentrations of benzene can damage the operator’s nervous system and blood system.