论文部分内容阅读
1 前言 对任何一个生产技术领域,从科研开发、 成品生产到市场销售,都离不开测试系统,测 试系统得出的测试数据,可为科研开发提供指导性信息、诊断生产过程是否处于受控状态、确认产品质量是否符合技术规范的要求;虽然,测量的数据并不直接参与市场竞争,但它在市场竞争中起着不可忽视的作用。测试系统的重要性不仅体现在生产技术领域,在医学、法律学和环境科学等领域亦是非常重要,只是体现的方式有差异而以。 测试系统的重要性在核工业领域体现尤为突出,由于核工业的特殊性,它的核产品价值昂贵,核设施的安全涉及公众的安全和国际政治影响,核材料的管制更是如此。如在燃料组件生产过程中,如果由于测试数据不准确导致不合格的产品进入反应堆,将发生烧结或破损事故,直接影响核电站的安全,甚至造成巨大的经济损失和国际影响;在核材料管制中,若测试数据不准确,不能及时觉查特殊核材料不平衡,甚至丢失或被盗,将酿成恶劣的政治影响。由此可见,测试数据可靠性的重要意义。各国对核工业测试系统都非常重视。如美国,有一套有关核工业测试系统的质量控制和相关标准。
1 Introduction For any production technology, from research and development, finished product production to marketing, are inseparable from the test system, test system derived test data can provide scientific guidance for the development of information to diagnose the production process is controlled State, to confirm whether the product quality meets the requirements of the technical specifications. Although the measured data does not directly participate in the market competition, it plays a non-negligible role in the market competition. The importance of the test system is not only reflected in the field of production technology, but also very important in the fields of medicine, law and environmental science, but only in a different way. The importance of a test system is particularly evident in the nuclear industry, whose nuclear products are expensive due to the particular nature of the nuclear industry, the security of nuclear installations involves public safety and the international political influence, and even more so with nuclear material controls. For example, during the manufacturing of fuel assemblies, if unqualified products enter the reactor due to inaccurate test data, sintering or damage accidents will occur, which will directly affect the safety of nuclear power plants and may even cause huge economic losses and international influence. In the process of nuclear material control If the test data is inaccurate, we can not detect the imbalance of special nuclear materials in time, or even lose or stolen, which will lead to bad political influence. Thus, the importance of test data reliability. All countries attach great importance to the nuclear industry test system. For example, in the United States, there is a set of quality control and related standards for nuclear industry test systems.