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在初中阶段已经接触过内能、热量等热学概念,在高中阶段,有必要从本质含意上作进一步的解释和辨别. 一、内能和机械能物体的内能与物体的机械能是两种不同形式的能量,它们分别与两种不同的运动形式相对应,并且对应不同的作用力.物体的内能是由物体内分子的数量、大量分子热运动的剧烈程度及分子间相互作用决定的,它与分子数(宏观上表现为物体的质量)、物体的温度和体
In the junior high school stage, they have been exposed to thermal concepts such as internal energy and heat. In the high school stage, it is necessary to further explain and discern the essential meaning. First, the internal energy of internal energy and mechanical energy objects and the mechanical energy of objects are two different forms. Energy, they correspond to two different forms of motion, and correspond to different forces. The internal energy of an object is determined by the number of molecules in the object, the intense degree of thermal motion of a large number of molecules, and the intermolecular interactions. With the number of molecules (macroscopically, the mass of the object), the temperature and the body of the object