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本文研究了在硝酸—甲醇混合介质中,水相有机添加剂醇的含量、酸度以及萃取剂浓度对HDEHP萃取Cf(Ⅲ)、Cm(Ⅲ)及Np(Ⅳ、Ⅴ)的影响。并与Am(Ⅲ)的萃取,以及与纯硝酸介质中的萃取作比较,对它们的萃取机理作了简单的讨论。测定了Np(Ⅳ)在硝酸—甲醇混合介质中氧化态的稳定性,不同浓度硝酸、亚铁—肼—硝酸混合液,以及饱和草酸溶液反萃取分离Cf、Cm、Np和Pu的能力。在此基础上为分离测定Cm中Cf,以及Cf、Cm、Pu中Np提供了方法。方法的回收率均为(95±3)%。
In this paper, the effects of alcohol content, acidity and extractant concentration on the extraction of Cf (Ⅲ), Cm (Ⅲ) and Np (Ⅳ, Ⅴ) by HDEHP were studied in nitric acid-methanol mixed media. Compared with the extraction of Am (Ⅲ) and the extraction from pure nitric acid medium, the extraction mechanism of Am (Ⅲ) was briefly discussed. The stability of the oxidation state of Np (Ⅳ) in nitric acid-methanol mixed medium was determined. The ability of stripping Cf, Cm, Np and Pu with different concentrations of nitric acid, ferrous-hydrazine-nitric acid mixture and saturated oxalic acid solution was determined. Based on this, a method was provided for the separation and determination of Cf in Cm and Np in Cf, Cm and Pu. The recovery rate of the method was (95 ± 3)%.