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近几年梨早期落叶现象在鄂西北地区“汉水砂梨”产区发生较重,影响了当地梨产业的发展。通过对早期落叶的初步认识和诱因等方面开展研究,初步界定:南方梨早期落叶主要发生在6月中旬至8月下旬,较正常落叶提前80~100 d;落叶以树体中上部幼嫩叶片为主;非正常落叶量占1/3以上,后期影响产量20%~70%。通过调查分析,总结出梨树早期落叶的诱因如下:叶部病害中后期大发生、对食叶害虫防控不力、施药不当产生药害、缺铁进一步加剧幼嫩叶片日灼、长期肥水管理失衡。
In recent years pear early deciduous phenomenon occurred in northwest Hubei “Han Shui sand pear ” occurred heavier, affecting the development of the local pear industry. Through preliminary understanding of the early deciduous leaves and inducement, we initially defined that early deciduous pears of southern pear mainly occurred from mid June to late August, 80 ~ 100 d earlier than the normal deciduous leaves; Mainly non-normal deciduous accounted for more than 1/3, the late impact of the output of 20% to 70%. Through the investigation and analysis, the inducement of early deciduous pear tree is summarized as follows: leaf disease occurs in the late stage, the control of leaf insects is ineffective, improper spraying produces phytotoxicity, and iron deficiency further aggravates the tender leaf sunburn, long-term fertilizer and water management Imbalance