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研究目的:对铁路重载的两个重要方面———运输组织和既有线路加强进行分析探讨,力求概括总结出适合我国国情的一般模式,提出切实有效的方案。研究方法:主要结合参与研究的我国大秦线、北同蒲线两条重载铁路的经验,列举已实施的案例,提炼出共性的特征,求证总结出重载铁路运输组织和线路加强可能的几种模式。研究结果:根据重载铁路以煤炭运输为主的运输特点,运输组织应重点抓好重载列车的装车、运输、卸车及车辆回空、机车运用等各个环节;线路方面应对轨道、路基、桥涵采取适当有效的加强方式。研究结论:本文根据重载线路的不同运输特点,提出重载铁路运输组织方式。在提高列车重量方面,应达到5 000 t、10 000 t、20 000 t;在装卸车组织方面,减少技术作业站的集结和分解时间,采用直接过翻车机整列卸车的循环拉运方式;技术作业站和中间站到发线长度应满足重载要求;采用客货分线。线路加强模式为采用无缝线路、高强度高质量的轨枕和钢轨、治理路基和桥涵病害、改建地段采用较高标准等措施。
Research purposes: To analyze and discuss the two important aspects of railway overloading, namely, the strengthening of transport organizations and existing lines, and try to summarize and summarize the general mode suitable for China’s national conditions and put forward practical and effective solutions. Research methods: This paper mainly combines the experiences of two heavy haul railway lines in China including Daqin line and North Tongpu line involved in the study, lists the implemented cases, extracts the common features and confirms the possible ways to strengthen the heavy haul railway organization and routes Pattern. Research results: According to the transportation characteristics of heavy haul railway based on coal transportation, transportation organizations should focus on various aspects such as loading, transport, unloading and back emptying of vehicles, locomotive utilization and other aspects of heavy haul trains; Bridge and culvert to take appropriate and effective ways to strengthen. Research conclusions: Based on the different transportation characteristics of heavy-haul lines, this paper proposes the organization of heavy-haul railway transportation. In terms of improving train weight, it should reach 5 000 t, 10 000 t and 20 000 t. In the organization of loading and unloading wagons, it reduced the time of assembly and disassembly of technical operation stations, The length of the work station and intermediate station to the hairline should meet the heavy load requirements; Passenger and cargo sub-line. The strengthening mode of the line adopts such measures as adopting seamless lines, high strength and high quality sleepers and rails, treating roadbed and bridges and culverts and rebuilding lots with higher standards.