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本文研究了45~#钢棒(长300mm、7mm六方)经水淬和等温淬火后,由残余应力引起的变形问题。使用日本应力仪测出:水淬呈压应力,等温淬火呈拉应力;测凸、凹表面残余应力,水淬不均匀,压应力大于拉应力。测六面表面残余应力分布,水淬拉、压应力小,等温淬火拉应力比较均匀;测应力层的分布,水淬应力变化无规律,等温淬火剥谣越深应力越小;上述测出结果说明,水淬热应力和组织应力超出屈服极限变形后,应力松弛,拉、压力值变小。等温淬火以组织应力为主,宏观上无变形,但马氏体晶面间距增大,呈现拉应力。
In this paper, the deformation problems caused by residual stress after 45 ~ # steel bars (300mm long, 7mm hexagonal) quenched by water quenching and isothermal quenching were studied. The use of Japanese stress meter measured: water quenching was compressive stress, isothermal quenching showed tensile stress; measured convex, concave surface residual stress, uneven water quenching, compressive stress greater than the tensile stress. Measured residual stress distribution of six surfaces, water quenching, compressive stress is small, isothermal quenching more uniform tensile stress; measured stress distribution, water quenching stress changes without law, isothermal quenching stripping rushed deeper the smaller the stress; measured results Description, thermal stress and water quenching stress exceeds the yield limit deformation, the stress relaxation, pull, the pressure value becomes smaller. Isothermal quenching to stress-based, macroscopically no deformation, but the martensite crystal spacing increases, showing tensile stress.