目的了解肝胆外科住院患者的抗菌药物应用及其合理性,为临床合理使用抗菌药物提供参考依据。方法回顾性分析医院2010年1月-2013年10月收治的260例肝胆外科住院患者临床资料,调查其抗菌药物的应用并分析其用药合理性。结果 260例患者中有242例使用了抗菌药物,抗菌药物的使用率达93.08%;242例用药患者中所涉及的抗菌药物约8大类、22个品种;使用最多的为头孢菌素类、青霉素类、喹诺酮类以及硝咪唑类抗菌药物;普遍存在联合用药的现象,联用2种抗菌药物者78例占32.23%,联合3种抗菌药物者67例占27.69%,联用>3种抗菌药物者53例占21.90%,最常用的三联抗菌药物为甲硝唑+头孢类+喹诺酮类或氨基糖苷类;260例患者中仅有43例患者进行了病原菌检测,送检率为16.54%。结论肝胆外科住院患者抗菌药物的使用基本遵循有效、安全的原则,但仍然有少数患者存在用药不合理现象,值得警惕和改善。 Objective To understand the use of antibacterials in hospitalized patients with hepatobiliary surgery and its rationality to provide a reference for rational use of antibacterials in clinical practice. Methods The clinical data of 260 hospitalized patients with hepatobiliary surgery admitted from January 2010 to October 2013 in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed. The application of antibacterials was investigated and the rationality of drug use was analyzed. Results Among the 260 patients, 242 patients used antimicrobial drugs and the use rate of antimicrobial drugs was 93.08%. Among the 242 drug users, 8 were antibacterial drugs and 22 were antimicrobial drugs. Most of them were cephalosporins, Penicillins, quinolones and nitrofurazole antibacterials. The prevalence of combination therapy was 78.23% for two antibacterials, 67.6% for three antibacterials and 27.69% for three antimicrobials 53 cases of drug accounted for 21.90%, the most commonly used triple antibacterials for metronidazole + cephalosporins + quinolones or aminoglycosides; 260 patients, only 43 patients were pathogen detection, the detection rate was 16.54%. Conclusion The use of antibacterials in inpatients with hepatobiliary surgery basically follows the principle of effective and safe. However, there are still a few patients who have unreasonable medication and should be vigilant and improved.