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在农村移民和城镇居民就业的研究中,学者提出“双层劳动力市场”概念,从职业分割和工资差异角度分析城乡居民的分割。本文使用上海市第六次人口普查数据来分析本地和外地常住人口的聚居情况,研究教育程度、年龄结构等因素的空间分布,进一步验证双层劳动力市场分割在居住空间上的表现。通过对常住人口的居住分异分析,研究推测劳动力市场在空间分布上的分割,促使居住空间进一步隔离,从而会产生群体间的隔离加深、阶层固化。研究还发现上海市形成了环绕外环线的双层劳动力市场下的居住隔离,同时内城中心区也出现了“移民化”趋势。
In the study of rural immigrants and urban residents’ employment, scholars put forward the concept of “double-layer labor market”, and analyze the division of urban and rural residents from the perspective of occupational division and wage difference. This article uses the data from the sixth census of Shanghai to analyze the population concentration of permanent and permanent residents both locally and abroad, and study the spatial distribution of educational level, age structure and other factors to further verify the performance of double-tier labor market segmentation in residential space. Through the analysis of the resident differentiation of the resident population, we study the speculation that the labor market is divided on the spatial distribution and promote the further isolation of living space, resulting in the deepening of segregation among groups and the solidification of classes. The study also found that Shanghai has formed a residential segregation under the double-decker labor market surrounding the Outer Ring Road, with the trend of “immigration” in the inner-city center.