目前在金属矿山井下采场及巷道的顶板预控多采用锚喷支护,它主要包括:锚杆支护、锚杆桁架支护、锚杆注浆、深孔锚索、喷浆以及喷浆与锚杆注浆的混合应用等。锚杆支护:它是井巷支护中的一个重大技术革命,广泛应用于矿山、铁路、国防、水电等部门的地下工程施工之中。在理论上,它突破一切旧的传统支护理论,不在认为支护就是消极地承受围岩的压力,而是积极地保持和限制岩石的位移、变型和裂隙发展,充分发挥岩体自身的支承作用,把围岩从荷载状态转化为承载状态后,变消极因素为积极因素,其作用机 Currently in the mine metal mine pit and roadway roof pre-control and more use of spray-gun support, which include: bolt support, bolt truss support, grouting anchor, deep-hole anchor, shotcrete and shotcrete Mixing with grout and other applications. Bolting support: It is a major technical revolution in roadway support, which is widely used in the underground construction of mines, railways, national defense, hydropower and other departments. In theory, it breaks through all the old traditional support theories and does not think that support is the negative pressure of surrounding rock. Instead, it actively maintains and limits the development of rock displacement, deformation and fissure and gives full play to the support of the rock itself Role, the rock from the load state into a bearing state, the negative factors for the positive factors, the role of machine