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本论文系统论述了二程、朱子、康有为、谭嗣同等人关于仁与四德关系的思想,以及康有为、谭嗣同等人关于四德关系的思想在其所处历史条件下所呈现的不同侧重。特别是本文从程颐、朱子、康有为、谭嗣同、梁启超等历代诸儒关于仁与四德关系的论述中,抉发出了在新的历史时期,仁可以统摄仁爱、自由、平等、公正这一新的“仁统四德”的重要论述。此论述不但深刻揭示了传统程朱“仁统四德”思想所具有的重大而深远的现代价值,更从“仁统四德”这一特殊视角,为在新的历史条件下,儒学如何“返本开新”作了重要示范,具有重要的理论和实践意义。
This dissertation systematically discusses the thought of relationship between benevolence and the four virtues of Erzhong, Zhuzi, Kang Youwei, Tan Sitong and others, and the different emphases of Kang Youwei and Tan Sitong on the four virtues under their historical conditions . In particular, in this essay, Cheng Yi, Zhu Zi, Kang Youwei, Tan Sitong, and Liang Qichao, in their treatise on the relationship between benevolence and the four virtues, have issued a new historical period in which Ren can unify the new concept of benevolence, freedom, equality and fairness “Renhe Si German ” important exposition. This discourse not only profoundly reveals the significant and far-reaching modern value of the traditional Cheng-Zhu idea of “Ren-Tong-Si-De” but also from the special perspective of “Ren-Ren-Si-De” and under the new historical conditions , Confucianism how to “back anew ” made an important demonstration, has important theoretical and practical significance.