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动词的语态在高考中的考点常集中在被动语态的含义及其用法上｡但英语中有些动词不能使用被动语态,只能用主动形式表示被动意义｡常见的此类句型如下:
1. 含有连系动词的“主语+系动词+表语”结构的句型｡
在这种句型结构中,常见的连系动词有: look, feel, taste, smell, sound, seem, appear, be, become, fall, get, grow, keep, remain, stay, turn等动词｡它们是用来表示主语的状态或特征的｡例如:
The fish smells good.鱼闻起来很香｡
Ice always feels cold to us.对我们来说冰摸起来总是冷的｡
Cotton feels soft.棉花摸起来很柔软｡
It sounds good.这个听上去不错｡
2. 表示主语的特征､状态的动词作谓语的句型｡
此类句型中常见的动词有: read, write, sell, keep, show, play, clean, lock, wash, wear, burn, settle等｡
这类动词常表示某种性质且带有状语修饰｡例如:
This kind of flower sells well.这种花很好卖｡
This kind of cloth washed easily.这种布容易洗｡
This kind of cloth wears well.这种布耐穿｡
3. 及物动词的宾语是反身代词或相互代词的句型｡例如:
He seats himself on a bench.他坐在凳子上｡
He hid himself behind the door.他藏在门后｡
He admired herself long in the mirror.她长时间在镜子中顾影自怜｡
4. 当及物动词leave, enter, reach等的宾语是表示地点､处所(包括国家､组织､军队､团体等)的句型｡例如:
He left his hometown ten years ago.他10年前就离开了家乡｡
The teacher entered the classroom.老师走进了教室｡
5. 含有同源宾语的句型｡
常见的同源宾语有die a ... death; dream a ... dream; live a ... life等｡例如:
She dreamed a bad dream last night.她昨晚做了个噩梦｡
We are now living a happy life.我们现在过着幸福生活｡
6. 宾语是动词不定式或动名词的句型｡
当动词的宾语是不定式(短语)､动名词(短语)､抽象名词时,不能变为被动语态｡例如:
He started working hard to improve it.他努力工作期待情况有所改善｡
I wish to go there myself.我希望自己亲自去那儿｡
Wu Dong likes to study English.吴东喜欢学英语｡
7. 含有下列短语动词(即动词和宾语组成一个不可分割的整体)的句型: make up one’s mind, take one’s place, keep watch, do one’s best, catch a cold, keep words等｡例如:
We Chinese always keep words.我们中国人一向说话算数｡
A Frenchman had caught a very bad cold.一个法国人得了重感冒｡
8. 有些含有表示“希望”“意愿”等动词的句型,常见的此类动词有:want, wish, hope, like, love, hate等｡例如:
He wished her a good journey. (R)
She was wished a good journey by him. (W)
The staff want a pay rise. (R)
A pay rise is wanted by the staff. (W)
1. 含有连系动词的“主语+系动词+表语”结构的句型｡
在这种句型结构中,常见的连系动词有: look, feel, taste, smell, sound, seem, appear, be, become, fall, get, grow, keep, remain, stay, turn等动词｡它们是用来表示主语的状态或特征的｡例如:
The fish smells good.鱼闻起来很香｡
Ice always feels cold to us.对我们来说冰摸起来总是冷的｡
Cotton feels soft.棉花摸起来很柔软｡
It sounds good.这个听上去不错｡
2. 表示主语的特征､状态的动词作谓语的句型｡
此类句型中常见的动词有: read, write, sell, keep, show, play, clean, lock, wash, wear, burn, settle等｡
这类动词常表示某种性质且带有状语修饰｡例如:
This kind of flower sells well.这种花很好卖｡
This kind of cloth washed easily.这种布容易洗｡
This kind of cloth wears well.这种布耐穿｡
3. 及物动词的宾语是反身代词或相互代词的句型｡例如:
He seats himself on a bench.他坐在凳子上｡
He hid himself behind the door.他藏在门后｡
He admired herself long in the mirror.她长时间在镜子中顾影自怜｡
4. 当及物动词leave, enter, reach等的宾语是表示地点､处所(包括国家､组织､军队､团体等)的句型｡例如:
He left his hometown ten years ago.他10年前就离开了家乡｡
The teacher entered the classroom.老师走进了教室｡
5. 含有同源宾语的句型｡
常见的同源宾语有die a ... death; dream a ... dream; live a ... life等｡例如:
She dreamed a bad dream last night.她昨晚做了个噩梦｡
We are now living a happy life.我们现在过着幸福生活｡
6. 宾语是动词不定式或动名词的句型｡
当动词的宾语是不定式(短语)､动名词(短语)､抽象名词时,不能变为被动语态｡例如:
He started working hard to improve it.他努力工作期待情况有所改善｡
I wish to go there myself.我希望自己亲自去那儿｡
Wu Dong likes to study English.吴东喜欢学英语｡
7. 含有下列短语动词(即动词和宾语组成一个不可分割的整体)的句型: make up one’s mind, take one’s place, keep watch, do one’s best, catch a cold, keep words等｡例如:
We Chinese always keep words.我们中国人一向说话算数｡
A Frenchman had caught a very bad cold.一个法国人得了重感冒｡
8. 有些含有表示“希望”“意愿”等动词的句型,常见的此类动词有:want, wish, hope, like, love, hate等｡例如:
He wished her a good journey. (R)
She was wished a good journey by him. (W)
The staff want a pay rise. (R)
A pay rise is wanted by the staff. (W)