孔子一生关心政治,并为那个失道的社会构设了一整套规范体系。这套规范体系有一个十分明显的特点,就是具有伦理倾向——家庭规范、社会规范与政治规范三位一体。在这一特点下可以发现孔子对待不同的规范则有不同的态度,主要表现在重实质规范而轻形式规范、重道德规范而轻法治规范以及主张先德礼规范而后刑罚规范三个方面。此三方面已部分显示了孔子的政法观念,但若归结起来,则可以说是政治上的“仁治”主张以及法律上的“和谐”追求。 Confucius had always been concerned with politics and had set up a set of normative systems for that lost society. This set of normative system has a very obvious feature that is ethically oriented - family norms, social norms and political norms trinity. Under this feature, Confucius can find different attitudes toward different norms, mainly in the aspects of substantive norms and light formal norms, heavy ethical norms and light rules of law, and three aspects of advocating first instance ceremony and then penalty norms. These three aspects have partly shown Confucius’s conceptions of politics and law, but if summed up, they can be said to be political “benevolence” propositions and legal “harmony” pursuits.