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乳腺肿瘤是中年女性较常见疾病,早期发现、及早确诊是治疗乳腺肿瘤和提高患者生存率的关键。医学影像学技术的快速发展及其在临床的广泛应用,使得早期诊断乳腺肿瘤的准确度显著提高。本文介绍目前乳腺肿瘤影像学诊断方法,总结了其临床应用价值。超声检查是乳腺肿瘤诊断的首选方法,其中,二维超声可显示乳腺肿块的大小、形态、边界、内部及后方回声特征,成为定性诊断的基础;彩色多普勒超声检查可重复性和诊断效率较高,且无辐射,是乳腺肿瘤的首选检查方法;超声造影可清晰显示血管形态,在乳腺肿瘤术前诊断中具有重要价值;超声组织弹性成像可提供肿瘤组织硬度等信息,较临床触诊获取的信息更客观、准确;三维超声成像能够更清晰地显示肿块与周围组织的界面关系,弥补了二维超声空间显像不足的弱点。此外,超声引导下乳腺旋切术、乳腺X线摄影、乳腺MRI检查等技术,各有其独特的优势,这些方法与超声检查互为补充,成为乳腺肿瘤重要的辅助检查手段,在明确诊断乳腺肿块及鉴别乳腺良恶性肿瘤方面发挥着重要作用。
Breast cancer is a common disease in middle-aged women, early detection, early diagnosis is the treatment of breast cancer and improve patient survival rate of the key. The rapid development of medical imaging technology and its wide application in clinic make the accuracy of early diagnosis of breast tumors significantly improved. This article describes the current diagnosis of breast tumor imaging methods, summed up its clinical value. Ultrasonography is the preferred method for the diagnosis of breast tumors. Two-dimensional ultrasound can show the size, shape, boundary, internal and posterior echo features of breast masses and become the basis of qualitative diagnosis. The reproducibility and diagnostic efficiency of color Doppler ultrasonography High, and no radiation, breast cancer is the preferred method of examination; ultrasound can clearly show the morphology of blood vessels in the preoperative diagnosis of breast tumors is of great value; ultrasound tissue elastography can provide information on the hardness of the tumor tissue than clinical palpation The information obtained is more objective and accurate; three-dimensional ultrasound imaging can more clearly show the interface between the tumor and the surrounding tissue to make up for the lack of two-dimensional ultrasound imaging weakness. In addition, ultrasound-guided mastectomy, mammography, breast MRI examination and other technologies, each with its unique advantages, these methods and ultrasound complement each other to become an important auxiliary examination of breast tumors in the diagnosis of breast Lumps and identification of benign and malignant breast tumors play an important role.