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本文对枳、金柑及柑桔三属中的枳、金豆、金弹、宜昌橙(白花)、柚(安江香柚)、柠檬、普通甜橙、冰糖橙、普通野桔、红桔10种材料进行了染色体核型及Giemsa显带的研究。结果表明,染色体数目均为2n=18, 绝对长度变化在1.8～5.2μm范围之间,属于小染色体类群,着丝点均为近中部或中部,臂指数在50～60％之间,基本为对称性核型,N·F值均为36,染色体长度比均≤2:1,属于1A类型;Giemsa显带均以着丝点(C)和端带(T)为基本带型,带纹的分布和多少,不同种之间存在差别。研究结果还表明,染色体组绝对平均长度的变异系统,原始型小于进化型;臂比值原始型偏小;两臂长度相当,标准差、变异系数原始型较小,进化型则相反;臂指数原始型偏低,进化型偏高。
In this paper, citrus aurantium, kumquat and citrus orange, orange, golden bomb, Yichang orange (white flowers), pomelo (Anjiang fragrant grapefruit), lemon, common orange, sugar orange, common wild orange, red orange 10 species Materials were studied for karyotype and Giemsa banding. The results showed that the number of chromosomes was 2n = 18 and the absolute length was between 1.8 ~ 5.2μm. It belonged to the small chromosome group with the centromere points in the middle or middle part and the arm index in the range of 50-60% Symmetry karyotypes with N · F values of 36 and chromosome length ratios of ≤2: 1 belonged to type 1A; Giemsa banding had centromere (C) and end banding (T) The distribution and how many, there are differences between different species. The results also showed that the variation of the absolute mean length of the genome was less than that of the evolutionary type, the original type of the arm was smaller, the length of the two arms was the same, the standard deviation was smaller, the coefficient of variation was smaller and the evolution was the opposite. Low, evolutionary high.