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计算机和通信技术日益增长的趋同已成为推动今日电子工业加速发展的重要因素,这可从越来越多的应用门类中看出来,像移动通信、卫星通信、Internet网络和智能银行卡等等。这些应用的共同点是重要的信息或是经低保密的通道,如由空间播发或电话传送,或是储存在可能被遗失、偷盗或伪造的介质中。因而,使保密的重要性在今天备受重视。在某些普通的应用中,像预付费电话卡,简单的保密机制如熔丝或传输码通常都是可以接受的;但在一些迅猛发展的应用中,如信用卡、电子邮件、通路控制和家庭银行等,则需要只有使用密码学才能满足的保密水平。密码学是对消息进行编码和译码的科学,而通讯事业的发展始终是和密码学的应用紧密结合在一起的。现代传统的密码体制,以1977年美国国家标准局(NBS)公布的数据加密标准DES(Data Encryption Standard)为公开度最高的算法,它一直作为美国政府某些机构和金融界的基本保密体制。
The growing convergence of computer and communications technology has become an important factor driving the accelerated growth of the electronics industry today, as seen in a growing number of applications such as mobile communications, satellite communications, the Internet and smart card banking. What these applications have in common is the important information or the passage of low security, such as being broadcast by air or by telephone, or stored in media that may be lost, stolen or faked. Therefore, the importance of confidentiality has drawn great attention today. In some common applications, such as prepaid calling cards, simple privacy mechanisms such as fuses or transfer codes are usually acceptable; however, in some rapidly evolving applications such as credit cards, e-mail, access control, and home banking Etc., you need the level of confidentiality that can only be met using cryptography. Cryptography is the science of encoding and decoding messages, and the development of communications has always been closely linked with the application of cryptography. The modern and traditional cryptography system is the most widely published algorithm DES (Data Encryption Standard) published by the National Bureau of Standards (NBS) in 1977, and has always been the basic system of secrecy for some U.S. government agencies and financial institutions.