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目的分析深圳市福田区2009~2013年疑似预防接种异常反应(AEFI)的发生特征,评价AEFI监测系统的运转状况、疫苗的安全性和预防接种服务质量。方法采用描述性流行病学方法对2009~2013年AEFI监测系统报告的个案数据进行分析。结果 2009~2013年共报告AEFI 1 557例,报告发生率为39.64/10万,报告的完整率、及时率均在99%以上。涉及32种疫苗,其中麻风疫苗报告发生率最高(202.92/10万),其次是7价肺炎疫苗(187.04/10万)。病例主要发生在0~2岁组(占74.50%)。发生时间主要集中在5~9月份(占54.34%),多在接种后1d内发生(76.50%)。反应类型中一般反应占73.47%、异常反应占18.62%、偶合症占7.84%。临床诊断主要为发热、红肿、硬结(73.22%)和过敏性皮疹(13.81%)。病例转归良好,99.87%治愈或好转。结论深圳市福田区AEFI监测系统运行状况良好,监测敏感性逐年提高,疫苗的安全性和预防接种服务质量较好。
Objective To analyze the occurrence characteristics of suspected AEFI from 2009 to 2013 in Futian District, Shenzhen, assess the operation status of AEFI monitoring system, the safety of vaccines and the quality of vaccination services. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze case data reported by the AEFI surveillance system from 2009 to 2013. Results A total of 1 557 AEFI cases were reported from 2009 to 2013, with a reported incidence rate of 39.64 / 100 000. The reported complete rate and prompt rate were above 99%. Of the 32 vaccines involved, the highest reported incidence of leprosy vaccine (202.92 / 100,000) was followed by the 7-valent pneumococcal vaccine (187.04 / 100,000). Cases occurred in 0 to 2 years old group (74.50%). Occurrence time mainly concentrated in May to September (accounting for 54.34%), and more occurred within 1d after inoculation (76.50%). The reaction type accounted for 73.47% of the general reaction, abnormal reaction accounted for 18.62%, coupling accounted for 7.84%. The main clinical diagnosis was fever, swelling, induration (73.22%) and allergic skin rash (13.81%). The case went well, 99.87% cured or improved. Conclusion The AEFI monitoring system in Futian District of Shenzhen City is in good condition and the monitoring sensitivity is increasing year by year. The safety of vaccines and the quality of vaccination services are good.