为开拓稀土化合物在摩擦学中的应用这一新领域,研制了硫配位和氧配位的含稀土元素La、Pr、Sm、Eu、Gd等的稀土化合物作为润滑油的抗磨减摩添加剂。采用质谱、核磁共振波谱、红外光谱、紫外光谱等方法,对两类稀土化合物进行了结构表征。研究表明,所研制的稀土化合物具有优异的油溶性、抗氧抗腐性和抗磨减摩性能,在润滑油中具有巨大的应用潜力。稀土化合物的润滑性能表现出一定的规律,即对六方晶系的稀土金属而言,其六方晶系的晶轴c越长,相应稀土化合物的抗磨减摩性能就越好。采用俄歇电子能谱(AES)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X-射线光电子能谱(XPS)等方法,对稀土化合物的抗磨减摩机理进行了系统的研究,结果发现,稀土化合物具有优异抗磨减摩性能的主要原因来自两方面:一是在摩擦表面生成含稀土元素的多相表面润滑保护膜提高减摩性能;二是在摩擦亚表面形成稀土摩擦扩散层,使金属摩擦副材料的硬度提高,耐磨性能改善。研究还发现,在摩擦过程中,稀土元素可促进含硼元素的润滑添加剂中硼元素向金属摩擦副材料基体内扩散,增大摩擦渗硼层的厚度和硬度。在此基础上提出并论证了“稀土摩擦扩散”和“稀土摩擦催渗硼”的新观点,实现了“原位摩擦化学处理和化学热处理在本质上异曲同工”的基本设想,丰富了摩擦学理论体系 In order to exploit the new field of tribological applications of rare earth compounds, rare earth compounds containing rare earth elements such as La, Pr, Sm, Eu, Gd and the like have been developed as antiwear and friction reducing additives for lubricating oils . Two types of rare earth compounds were characterized by mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy and ultraviolet spectroscopy. The study shows that the rare earth compounds developed have excellent oil solubility, anti-oxidation and anti-wear and antifriction properties, and have great potential in lubricating oils. The lubricating properties of rare earth compounds show a certain law, that is, for the hexagonal rare earth metals, the longer the crystal axis c of the hexagonal crystal system, the better the antiwear and friction reducing properties of the corresponding rare earth compounds. The anti-friction and anti-friction mechanisms of rare earth compounds were systematically studied by Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results showed that rare earth compounds have Excellent anti-friction and antifriction performance of the main reasons come from two aspects: First, the generation of rare earth-containing multi-phase surface lubricating film on the friction surface to improve the anti-friction performance; the second is the friction sub-surface rare earth friction diffusion layer, the metal friction pair The hardness of the material is improved, and the abrasion resistance is improved. The study also found that during the rubbing process, the rare earth elements can promote the boron element in the boron-containing lubricant additive to diffuse into the matrix of the metal friction pair material, and increase the thickness and hardness of the friction boronizing layer. On the basis of this, a new viewpoint of “friction and diffusion of rare earths” and “friction and quenching of boron by rare earths” are put forward and demonstrated, and the basic assumption of “frictional chemical treatment in situ and chemical heat treatment in different ways are essentially the same” is realized and enriched the theory of tribology system