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目的描述2011—2014年深圳市龙岗区手足口病流行特征,探讨气象因素与手足口病发病的相关性和相关程度。方法收集2011—2014年手足口病发病数据,从深圳市气象局网站申请使用2011—2014年龙岗区日平均气温等数据,运用SPSS19.0统计软件对气象因素和手足口病发病资料进行多元线性回归分析。结果 2011—2014年龙岗区共报告手足口病例60 769例,年发病率分别为340.02/10万、367.09/10万、413.49/10万和473.69/10万,呈逐年上升趋势。全年均有病例报告,主要集中在4—10月,各街道均有病例报告,主要集中在人口密集,务工人员多,生活环境较差的地区,如龙岗、布吉和坪地等街道;发病年龄主要集中在5岁以下,占全部病例的89.87%,4年中男性均多于女性,男女性别比为1:0.63;实验室监测结果显示,2012—2014年龙岗区手足口病的病原以其他肠道病毒为主(72.02%,332/461),EV71(18.87%,87/461)多于Cox A16(9.11%,42/461);2011—2014年龙岗区手足口病发病数与日最低气温、日平均降雨量呈正相关,与日平均气压呈负相关。结论龙岗区手足口病发病具有明显的季节性和地域性,人群中的分布也有各自特征,应综合相关气象因素影响,及时进行手足口病风险评估,在流行期之前制定有针对性的手足口病防治策略,达到更好的防控效果。
Objective To describe the epidemiological characteristics of HFMD in Longgang District of Shenzhen City from 2011 to 2014 and to explore the correlation and correlation between meteorological factors and the incidence of HFMD. Methods The data of hand-foot-mouth disease in 2011-2014 were collected. The data of daily average temperature in Longgang District from 2011 to 2014 were applied from the website of Shenzhen Meteorological Bureau. The data of meteorological factors and hand-foot-mouth disease were analyzed by SPSS19.0. regression analysis. Results A total of 60 769 HFMD cases were reported in Longgang District from 2011 to 2014, with an annual incidence of 340.02 / lakh, 367.09 / lakh, 413.49 / lakh and 473.69 / lakh respectively, showing an upward trend year by year. There are case reports throughout the year, which are mainly from April to October. Cases are reported in all streets, mainly in densely-populated areas with more laborers and poor living environments such as Longgang, Phuket and Pingdi. Morbidity The age was mainly below the age of 5, accounting for 89.87% of all cases. In 4 years, more males than females, the sex ratio was 1: 0.63. Laboratory monitoring showed that the pathogen of HFMD in Longgang District from 2012 to 2014 was The other enteroviruses (72.02%, 332/461), EV71 (18.87%, 87/461) were more than those of Cox A16 (9.11%, 42/461) The minimum temperature and the average daily rainfall are positively correlated, and negatively correlated with the mean daily pressure. Conclusion The incidence of hand, foot and mouth disease in Longgang District is obviously seasonal and regional. The distribution in the population also has its own characteristics. The risk of hand, foot and mouth disease should be assessed in time according to the relevant meteorological factors. A targeted hand, foot and mouth Disease prevention and control strategies to achieve better prevention and control effects.