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目的调查分析一起家庭甲型H1N1流感暴发疫情的原因和特征,为今后预防控制工作提供科学依据。方法对流感暴发家庭进行现场流行病学调查,采集患者咽拭子,采用荧光定量PCR方法检测甲型H1N1流感病毒核酸,根据调查结果分析甲型H1N1流感家庭暴发疫情特征,讨论甲型H1N1流感的发病规律和流行因素。结果本起甲型H1N1流感暴发疫情为一起家庭甲型H1N1流感暴发疫情,4名家庭成员3人发病,其中1例死亡。结论本起甲型H1N1流感暴发疫情主要是因家庭近距离密切接触传播引起,甲流H1N1病毒对某些患有基础性疾病的个体有较强的致病性,易感人群以青壮年为主,传染来源为社区感染后引入家庭,首发患者没有及时隔离治疗是造成家庭内暴发的主要原因。尽早发现与报告传染源,严格执行甲型H1N1流感患者居家隔离治疗措施,对于控制甲型H1N1流感传染源、切断传播途径,积极主动地预防控制疫情暴发流行,都是非常关键有效的防控措施。
Objective To investigate the causes and characteristics of a family outbreak of Influenza A (H1N1) in China and provide a scientific basis for prevention and control in the future. Methods An epidemiological investigation was carried out in families with influenza outbreaks. Throat swabs were collected from patients with influenza A (H1N1) virus. Fluorescent quantitative PCR was used to detect the nucleic acid of influenza A (H1N1) virus. According to the results of the survey, the outbreaks of influenza A (H1N1) Incidence and epidemic factors. The outbreak of the outbreak of influenza A (H1N1) was a family outbreak of influenza A (H1N1). Three of the four family members were affected, of which 1 died. Conclusion The outbreak of influenza A (H1N1) was mainly caused by the close family contact and transmission. Influenza A H1N1 virus has a strong pathogenicity to some individuals with underlying diseases. The predominant population is mainly young and middle-aged , The source of infection was introduced into the community after the infection of the family, the first patient did not promptly isolated treatment is the main reason for the outbreak in the family. Identifying and reporting source of infection as early as possible and strictly enforcing home isolation treatment for patients with influenza A (H1N1) are very crucial and effective measures for controlling the source of influenza A (H1N1) infection, cutting off the transmission route and actively preventing and controlling the outbreak of epidemic .