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本文从黄河的实际情况出发,考虑了上游发电、下游减淤和其它综合利用要求,将上、中、下游联系起来,应用随机动态规划法,研究了黄河上游梯级水库水沙调节优化调度问题,探讨了利用上游水库调整中、下游水沙关系以减少下游河道泥沙淤积的可能性与合理性,从而得出了一些有实际意义的结论。在求解径流具有时空相关的梯级水库的优化调度问题时,提出了协调保证出力分解逼近算法。此方法既能克服求解过程中的“维数灾”,又便于反映梯级水库入流之间的空间相关关系。在处理发电可靠性时,提出了随机约束与罚函数相结合的方法,有助于克服现有方法的某些缺点。
Based on the actual situation of the Yellow River, considering the requirements of upstream power generation, downstream siltation reduction and other comprehensive utilization, the paper combines the upper, middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, and uses the stochastic dynamic programming method to study the optimal regulation of water and sediment regulation in cascade reservoirs in the upper Yellow River. Discussed the possibility and rationality of using upstream reservoirs to adjust the relationship between water and sediment in middle and lower reaches so as to reduce the sediment deposition in downstream rivers, and reached some conclusions of practical significance. When solving the optimal scheduling problem of runoff reservoirs with spatio-temporal correlation, this paper puts forward a coordinated and guaranteed output decomposition and approximation algorithm. This method can not only overcome the “dimensionality disaster” in the process of solving, but also reflect the spatial correlation between cascade reservoirs. In dealing with the reliability of power generation, a method combining random constraints and penalty functions is proposed, which helps to overcome some shortcomings of the existing methods.