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目的探讨香烟烟雾染毒对雄性小鼠生育能力及子代生长发育的影响。方法雄性KM小鼠40只,随机分为对照组和暴露组。暴露组采用呼吸道静式染毒,每日1次,每次1 h,连续染毒8周。观察香烟烟雾染毒对雄性小鼠脏器系数及精子畸形率的影响,暴露组与对照组雄性小鼠与未染毒雌性小鼠按雌雄1∶1合笼交配,怀孕雌性小鼠自然分娩,观察仔鼠生长发育情况。结果暴露组小鼠睾丸、附睾、前列腺系数与对照组比较均显著降低,差异有统计学意义(t_(睾丸)=2.864,P<0.05,t_(附睾)=2.313,P<0.05,t_(前列腺)=3.294,P<0.01);暴露组小鼠精子畸形率较对照组显著升高,差异有统计学意义(t=3.110,P<0.01)。与暴露组小鼠交配的雌性小鼠受孕率及正常分娩率均较对照组低,但差异无统计学意义(χ_(受孕率)~2=1.059,P>0.05,χ_(正常分娩率)~2=1.195,P>0.05);死仔率暴露组与对照组比较显著升高,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=5.304,P<0.05),出生存活率暴露组较对照组低,但差异无统计学意义(χ~2=0.772,P>0.05);哺育存活率暴露组较对照组显著降低,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=4.284,P<0.05)。仔鼠体重增长暴露组较对照组显著降低,差异有统计学意义(t_(14 d)=2.182,P<0.05,t_(21 d)=2.209,P<0.05);暴露组张耳、门齿萌出和开眼的阳性率低于对照组,除开眼的阳性率差异无统计学意义(χ~2=2.901,P>0.05)外,其余均有统计学意义(χ_(张耳)~2=3.904,P<0.05,χ_(门牙萌出)~2=5.375,P<0.05)。结论香烟烟雾暴露对雄性小鼠生殖系统具有毒性作用,并会对仔鼠体重增长和生理发育产生抑制作用。
Objective To investigate the effects of cigarette smoke exposure on fertility and offspring growth in male mice. Methods Forty male KM mice were randomly divided into control group and exposure group. The exposed group was exposed to the static respiratory tract once a day for 1 h each for 8 weeks. The effects of cigarette smoke exposure on the organ coefficient and sperm deformity in male mice were observed. The male and non-female mice in the exposure group and the control group were mated by male and female 1: Observe the growth and development of pups. Results The testis, epididymis and prostatic index in the exposed group were significantly lower than those in the control group (t_ (testis) = 2.864, P <0.05, t_ (epididymal) = 2.313, P <0.05, t_ ) = 3.294, P <0.01). The rate of sperm deformity in the exposed group was significantly higher than that in the control group (t = 3.110, P <0.01). The pregnancy rate and normal delivery rate of female mice mating with exposed group were lower than that of control group, but the difference was not statistically significant (χ_ (conception rate) ~ 2 = 1.059, P> 0.05, χ_ (normal birth rate) 2 = 1.195, P> 0.05). Compared with the control group, the mortality rate of exposed dead group was significantly increased (χ ~ 2 = 5.304, P <0.05). The survival rate of exposed group was lower than that of the control group The difference was not statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 0.772, P> 0.05). The survival rate of nursing group was significantly lower than the control group (χ ~ 2 = 4.284, P <0.05). The body weight gain in the exposure group was significantly lower than that in the control group (t 14d = 2.182, P <0.05, t 21d = 2.209, P <0.05) (Χ ~ (2 ears = 2.901, P> 0.05) except for the positive rate of open eyes (χ ~ 2 = 2.901, P> 0.05) P <0.05, χ_ (incisor eruption) ~ 2 = 5.375, P <0.05). Conclusion Cigarette smoke exposure has a toxic effect on the reproductive system of male mice and may have an inhibitory effect on the growth and physiological development of offspring.