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Sn-doped In2O3 (ITO) nano-powders were prepared by hydrothermal-calcining process. Using SnCl4·5H2O and In as starting materials, the crystallites were characterized by XRD, TEM and BET. The effects of the conditions on the product were investigated. The results show that the phase of hydrothermal precursor obtained by hydrothermal process is related to the temperature of hydrothermal reaction, I. E. , the phases are amorphous In(OH)3 in 160 - 180℃; In(OH)3 crystal in 200℃ and (In1-xSnx)OOH crystal in 200 - 300℃. ITO nano-powders with hexagonal structure and average size of 65 nm are obtained by calcining the precursor derived from the hydrothermal process at 350 - 650℃. The BET of ITO crystal can reach 84. 023 4 m2·g-1.