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引起机床热变形的原因有:(1)周围介质温度的变化,由于机床某些零件的热惯性、机床高度方向的温度梯降以及箱体铸件壁层线膨胀系数的不同而引起变形;(2)加工过程中工件发热;(3)机床部件(电动机、进给箱、轴承、液压系统、座标读数标尺的照明灯等)产生热量。为了解决1和2两种发热因素,机床应安装在恒温室内,在镗孔过程中应分成粗钻、粗镗和精镗,而且希望粗镗和精镗之间相隔2～4小时以上,使用几何形状合适的硬质合金刀具,切削用量要求低些,一般为切削深度0.15～1毫米,进给量0.05～0.07毫米/转。
The causes of machine tool thermal deformation are as follows: (1) The temperature of the surrounding medium changes due to the thermal inertia of some parts of the machine tool, the temperature drop in the height direction of the machine tool, and the linear expansion coefficient of the casing casting wall. ) Workpiece heating during machining; (3) Heat generated by machine tool components (motors, feeders, bearings, hydraulic system, coordinate reading scale, etc.). In order to solve 1 and 2 two kinds of heating factors, the machine should be installed in a thermostatic chamber, in the boring process should be divided into rough drilling, rough boring and fine boring, and hope rough boring and fine boring between 2 to 4 hours apart, use The right geometry carbide cutting tools, cutting the amount of less demanding, the general cutting depth of 0.15 to 1 mm, the feed rate of 0.05 to 0.07 mm / rev.