“意外”類語用標記,是指具有如下標記功能的成分,即其所標記的小句、句子或語段所言事件,是説話者或句子主語在事前所没有預料到的,如現代漢語中的“不料、没想到”。漢語中的這類語用標記的構成有很强的規律性,即都是由“否定標記+心理動詞”構成,其心理動詞主要是表示“意料、知曉、期望、認爲”這四類。本文討論了“意外”類語用標記在近代的表現及其與現代漢語同類成分的聯繫和區别,並討論了相關的詞彙化和語義演變問題。 “Unexpected ” type of pragmatic mark, refers to the function of the mark has the following components, that its marked clauses, sentences or phrases referred to the incident, the speaker or the subject of the subject did not expect in advance, such as modern In Chinese, “Unexpectedly, did not expect ”. The formation of such pragmatic markers in Chinese has a strong regularity, that is, they are all composed of “Negative Marker + Psych Verb ”, and their psychological verbs mainly mean “expectation, knowing, expecting, thinking”. Four categories. This article discusses the “accident” ’s pragmatic tagging in modern times and its connection with the similar components of modern Chinese, and discusses related lexicalization and semantic evolution.