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目的：探讨三种一氧化氮合酶iNOS eNOS nNOS在不同分化程度大肠癌细胞中的表达及其意义。方法：采用Supervision法对62例大肠癌作iNOS eNOS及nNOS免疫组织化学标记，比较癌细胞、癌旁粘膜及正常大肠粘膜腺体的表达差异，并对有随访结果的30例作术后生存期的Cox模型回归分析。结果：大肠癌细胞iNOS多呈阳性或强阳性表达，平均阳性率为80．64％，而正常大肠粘膜及癌旁粘膜腺体多呈阴性，阳性率仅17．64％。正常大肠粘膜及癌旁粘膜腺体eNOS表达多呈弱阳性或阳性 阳性率分别为80．00％和91．67％，而大肠癌细胞多呈阴性表达 平均阳性率仅为11．29％，且eNOS表达随癌分化程度下降而下调。nNOS表达情况与eNOS相似 大肠癌细胞平均阳性率为22．58％，而正常大肠粘膜及癌旁粘膜腺体阳性率分别为80．00％和83．33％。Cox回归分析显示：iNOS阳性表达及eNOS、nNOS表达缺失是影响术后生存期的主成分因子（RR分别为1．65、0．27、0．24）。结论：iNOS的异常激活和eNOS、nNOS表达缺失可能与大肠癌发生及演进密切相关。
Objective: To investigate the expression and significance of three nitric oxide synthases, iNOS, eNOS, and nNOS, in colorectal cancer cells with different degrees of differentiation. METHODS: Supervision was used to detect the iNOS, eNOS and nNOS immunohistochemical markers in 62 cases of colorectal cancer. The expression differences of cancer cells, paraneoplastic mucosa and normal colorectal mucosal glands were compared, and 30 cases with follow-up results were treated for survival. Period Cox Model Regression Analysis. RESULTS: Most of the colorectal cancer cells were positive or strongly positive for iNOS, with an average positive rate of 80.64%. The normal colorectal mucosa and adjacent non-cancerous mucosa glands were mostly negative. The positive rate was only 17.64%. The expression of eNOS in normal colorectal mucosa and adenocarcinoma was mostly weak positive or positive. The positive rates were 80.00% and 91.67%, respectively. The colorectal cancer cells were negatively expressed. The average positive rate was only 11.29%. , And eNOS expression decreased with the degree of cancer differentiation. The expression of nNOS was similar to that of eNOS. The average positive rate of colorectal cancer cells was 22.58%, while the positive rate of normal colorectal mucosa and paraneoplastic mucosa was 80.00% and 83.33%, respectively. Cox regression analysis showed that the positive expression of iNOS and the loss of eNOS and nNOS expression were main components that affected the postoperative survival period (RR 1.65, 0.27, and 0.24, respectively). Conclusion: Abnormal activation of iNOS and loss of eNOS and nNOS expression may be closely related to the occurrence and progression of colorectal cancer.