一、概述尽管全非洲已有许多环境法律、法规和标准,考察借助于宪法条款保护环境会给我们带来什么效果仍很有意义。随着立宪主义日益强调宪法是有约束力的法律权利、义务的渊源之一,各国法院逐渐赋予实体性宪法条款以执行效力。宪法不仅创设政府职能与权限,而且还保障着公民的诸如生存权、 I. OVERVIEW Although many environmental laws, regulations and standards already exist in all of Africa, it is still significant to examine the effects of protecting the environment with the help of constitutional provisions. As constitutionalism increasingly emphasizes that the constitution is one of the sources of binding legal rights and obligations, courts of various countries have gradually given substantive constitutional provisions to enforce them. The Constitution not only creates the functions and powers of the government, but also protects citizens’ right to subsistence,