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语义上没有内在联系的两个名词黏合构成的指称形式常常给人以另类新奇的感觉,本文称之为新异黏合语。新异黏合语从本质上看是复合词语,它是基于隐喻或转喻的认知手段而产生的。由于隐喻赖以成立的相似性主要受制于自然因素,转喻赖以成立的相关性除了自然因素之外,还有许多偶发因素的作用,因此,隐喻黏合语是绝对封闭的,而转喻黏合语则是相对开放的。从语义功能上看,隐喻黏合语是一种描写性命名形式,转喻黏合语是一种指示性命名形式。隐喻黏合语易于词汇化,语义解读不必联系特定事件,而转喻黏合语词汇化的概率较低,它的语义解读大多受制于特定事件。文章在分析中还提出了“事件转喻”这一新的认知范畴,并对“语言样板”作了阐释和发挥。
The alienation of the two nouns semantically not linked often gives rise to an alternative and strange feeling. The new bond is essentially a compound word, which is based on cognitive means of metaphor or metonymy. Because the similarities between the establishment of metaphor and the establishment of metaphor are mainly controlled by the natural factors, there are many sporadic factors besides the natural factors. Therefore, the metaphor is absolutely closed, while the metonymically bound Language is relatively open. Semantically speaking, metaphorical adhesive is a descriptive naming form, and metonymic cohesion is an indicative nomenclature. Metaphor sticky words tend to lexical, semantic interpretation do not have to contact a specific event, while the probability of metonymy vowel lexicon is lower, and its semantic interpretation mostly subject to specific events. In the analysis, the article also puts forward a new cognitive category of “event metonymy” and expounds and exegesis the “language template”.