在剩余价值理论中,马克思这样论述资本家获得剩余价值的方法:主要有两种,即绝对剩余价值的生产和相对剩余价值的生产。在工人必要劳动时间不变的情况下,通过延长工作日的长度来获得更多的剩余价值的方法,叫绝对剩余价值的生产。在工作日长度不变的情况下,由于科技进步等因素使社会劳动生产率提高、必要劳动时 In the theory of surplus value, Marx discusses the method by which capitalists obtain surplus value: there are mainly two types of production: the production of absolute surplus value and the production of relative surplus value. The method of obtaining more surplus value by extending the length of the working day, called the production of absolute surplus value, with the worker’s necessary labor time unchanged. In the case of working days of the same length, due to advances in science and technology and other factors to increase social labor productivity, the necessary labor