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在供应商—制造商二级供应链中,制造商作为领导者,采用一个战略供应商和一个备份供应商。有两种期权执行模式,一种是需求未知情况下提前向备份供应商订货的推式订货模式,另一种是获知需求后再向备份供应商订货的推式与拉式相结合的订货模式。证明了所建模型均为凸规划,并利用Karush-Kuhn-Tucker条件求得备份供应商的能力预定量、战略供应商订货量以及最优利润的表达式,得出了是否采用备份供应商的临界值。研究结果表明:推式模式下战略供应商的订货量较大,推拉结合模式下备份供应商的能力预定量较大,推拉结合模式下制造商的利润较大;随着战略供应商可靠性系数的增大,推式模式下首先放弃备份供应商的使用;当战略供应商的采购成本、备份供应商的期权执行成本和缺货成本较大,且残值以及可靠性系数较小时,推拉结合模式相对于完全推式的效果更加明显。
In the supplier-manufacturer secondary supply chain, the manufacturer serves as a leader and employs a strategic supplier and a backup supplier. There are two option execution modes, one is the push order mode which orders ahead of time to the backup supplier when the demand is unknown, and the other is the push and pull order mode that orders the backup supplier after knowing the demand . It proves that all the models are convex programming, and use Karush-Kuhn-Tucker conditions to get the capacity of backup suppliers, the order quantity of strategic suppliers and the expression of the optimal profit, Threshold. The results show that the strategic suppliers have larger order quantities in push mode, the capacity of backup suppliers in the push-pull combination mode is larger than that in the push-pull mode, and the profit of manufacturers in push-pull combination mode is larger. With the strategic supplier reliability coefficient When the strategic supplier’s purchase cost, the backup supplier’s option execution cost and the out-of-stock cost are larger, and the salvage value and the reliability coefficient are smaller, the push-pull combination The effect of the pattern over the full push is even more pronounced.