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为了研究土壤压实对土壤物理性质以及小麦养分吸收情况的影响,在2006和2007年进行了两轮田间试验。试验中,先用旋耕机对田块进行旋耕,耕深10 cm,然后使用手扶式、轮式、履带式拖拉机在旋耕后的田块中通过1次(T1)、2次(T2)、4次(T3)以对土壤进行压实处理,对照组(T4)不作任何压实处理。压实处理后再次对土壤表层进行浅旋耕,耕深5 cm,耕后用播种机进行小麦播种,小麦品种为南京-601。试验结果发现,次表层土壤的压实处理显著影响次表层土壤的容重,孔隙度,小麦蛋白质含量以及植物中N、P、K的含量。除次表层的土壤容重在T3组中最大,T4组中最小外,其他参数值在T4组中最大,T3组中最小。并且,随着次表层土壤压实程度的增加,几乎所有的参数(土壤容重除外)都有所减少。不过,与第一年相比,参数值在第二年略有增加。总之,土壤压实严重破坏土壤结构,不利于小麦对养分的吸收。
In order to study the impact of soil compaction on soil physical properties and nutrient uptake by wheat, two rounds of field trials were conducted in 2006 and 2007. In the experiment, the rotary tillage machine was used to tillage the fields first with a depth of 10 cm and then by hand, wheeled, crawler tractor through the fields after rotary tillage (T1), twice T2), 4 times (T3) to compaction the soil, while the control group (T4) did not make any compaction. After compaction treatment, the soil surface was again shallowly tillage with a depth of 5 cm. After tillage, the sowing machine was used to sow the wheat, and the wheat variety was Nanjing-601. The results showed that subsoil soil compaction treatment significantly affected the subsurface soil bulk density, porosity, wheat protein content and plant N, P, K content. The soil bulk density of the subsurface layer was the largest in T3 group, the smallest in T4 group, the largest in T4 group and the smallest in T3 group. And, with the increase of sub-surface soil compaction, almost all the parameters (except soil bulk density) are reduced. However, the values of the parameters slightly increased in the second year compared to the first year. In short, soil compaction severely damaged the soil structure is not conducive to the absorption of nutrients in wheat.