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目的:评价丙泊酚对睡眠剥夺大鼠社交行为中内侧前额叶皮层(mPFC)神经元活动的影响。方法:SPF级健康雄性SD大鼠60只，8周龄，体重200~250 g，采用随机数字表法分为3组(n n＝20)：对照组(Con组)、慢性睡眠剥夺+自然睡眠组(CSD+NS组)和慢性睡眠剥夺+丙泊酚组(CSD+Pro组)。采用改良水平台法建立大鼠睡眠剥夺模型，每天睡眠剥夺20 h，自然睡眠4 h，连续28 d。CSD+Pro组于睡眠剥夺后腹腔注射丙泊酚40 mg/kg，连续28 d。C组和CSD+NS组腹腔注射等容量10%脂肪乳剂。睡眠剥夺第1、14和28天进行大脑皮质区域的脑电图记录。睡眠剥夺结束后，采用TUNEL法检测mPFC凋亡神经元，计算凋亡指数。采用三箱社交实验检测大鼠社交行为，采集mPFC局部场电位信号。n 结果:与Con组比较，CSD+NS组快速动眼睡眠百分比增加，2个阶段嗅探时间偏好系数降低，社交探嗅过程中mPFC局部场电位信号β波和θ波频段功率百分比减少，mPFC神经元凋亡指数增加(n P<0.05)；与CSD+NS组比较，CSD+Pro组快动眼睡眠百分比增加，2个阶段嗅探时间偏好系数增加，社交过程中mPFC局部场电位信号β波和θ波频段功率百分比增加，神经元凋亡指数降低(n P<0.05)。n 结论:丙泊酚抑制睡眠剥夺大鼠mPFC神经元凋亡，增加睡眠剥夺后社交行为mPFC局部场电位信号β波和θ波，有助于改善睡眠剥夺诱导的社交障碍。“,”Objective:To evaluate the effect of propofol on neuronal activity in medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) during social behavior in sleep-deprived rats.Methods:Sixty SPF healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats, aged 8 weeks, weighing 200-250 g, were divided into 3 groups (n n=20 each) using a random number table method: control group (group Con), chronic sleep deprivation plus natural sleep group (group CSD+ NS), and chronic sleep deprivation plus propofol group (CSD+ Pro). Sleep deprivation model was developed by the modified multiple platform method, and the rats were placed in the sleep-deprivation tank for 20 h a day (14: 00-10: 00) and allowed to sleep naturally for 4 h (10: 00-14: 00) a day for 28 consecutive days.Propofol 40 mg/kg was intraperitoneally injected after sleep deprivation for 28 consecutive days in group CSD+ Pro, while the equal volume of 10% fat emulsion was given instead in group C and group CSD+ NS.Electroencephalographic recordings in cerebral cortical regions were performed on the days 1st, 14th and 28th after sleep deprivation.The apoptotic neurons in mPFC were detected using TUNEL method after the end of sleep deprivation, and the apoptosis index was calculated.A three chamber sociability test was used to detect the social behavior of rats, and local field potential signals in mPFC were collected.n Results:Compared with group Con, the percentage of rapid eye movement sleep was significantly increased, the sniffing time preference coefficients in the 2 stages were reduced, the percentage of the β waves and θ waves-band power in mPFC during the social sniffing process was decreased, and the apoptosis index of neurons in mPFC was increased in group CSD+ NS ( n P<0.05). Compared with group CSD+ NS, the percentage of rapid eye movement sleep was significantly increased, the sniffing time preference coefficient in the 2 stages was increased, and the percentage of β waves and θ waves-band power in mPFC during the social sniffing process was increased, and the apoptosis index of neurons in mPFC was decreased in group CSD+ Pro (n P<0.05).n Conclusions:Propofol inhibits the apoptosis in neurons in mPFC and increases β and θ waves in the mPFC during social interaction after sleep deprivation in sleep-deprived rats, which is helpful in improving sleep deprivation-induced social disorder.