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目的探索心理压力对不同社会分层群体健康不平等的作用机制。方法采用分层随机抽样的方法,共抽取1 260户住户,对所有>15岁的居民进行问卷调查。按照职业、收入和教育程度,将社会分层分为5层。采用描述性统计分析和多元线性回归的方法进行统计分析。结果本研究共获取有效样本3 241人,其中,男性1 549人(47.79%),女性1 692人(52.21%)。社会分层从上层、中上层、中层、中下层和下层的比例分别为13.30%、26.04%、25.98%、23.70%和10.98%。通过构建多元回归模型显示社会分层和健康危险性压力是影响健康水平的重要因素(P<0.01),其中社会分层主要作用于生理健康水平;社会分层等级越高的人发生健康危险性压力的概率越低。社会分层处于上层、中上层和中层的人其健康危险性压力的发生率分别为下层人群的0.512倍、0.527倍和0.669倍。结论心理压力是社会分层影响人们健康水平的重要通道之一,其机制可以解释为收入和地位的差异会通过社会攀比等方式给人以压力并损害健康。
Objective To explore the mechanism of mental stress on the health inequality in different social stratified groups. Methods A total of 1,260 households were sampled by stratified random sampling method, and all residents aged> 15 years were surveyed. According to occupation, income and education level, the social stratification is divided into five layers. Descriptive statistical analysis and multivariate linear regression method for statistical analysis. Results A total of 3 241 valid samples were obtained in this study, including 1 549 males (47.79%) and 1 692 females (52.21%). The proportions of social stratification were 13.30%, 26.04%, 25.98%, 23.70% and 10.98% respectively from the upper, middle, upper middle and lower strata. By constructing a multiple regression model, social stratification and health risk pressure are important factors affecting health (P <0.01), of which social stratification mainly affects physiological health level; people with higher social stratification level have health risks The lower the probability of stress. Social stratification in the upper, middle and upper middle ranks of the risk of health risks were lower 0.512 times, 0.527 times and 0.669 times. Conclusions Psychological stress is one of the most important ways for social stratification to affect people’s health level. Its mechanism can be explained by the fact that differences in income and status can cause stress and damage health through social comparisons.