婴儿流行性毛细支气管炎又名婴儿急性毛细支气管炎,为婴幼儿时期特有的呼吸道疾病。近已证实主要由于呼吸道融合病毒(respiratory syncytial virus,简称 RSV)感染所致,发病年龄限于两岁以下,多在冬春季呈现流行。其临床特征是在毛细支气管部位发生呼吸道阻塞综合征,表现咳嗽哮喘、呼气性困难、普遍阻塞性肺气肿。本病在国外近年有流行趋势,国内是否存在此病,尚待病原学研究证实。鉴于国内文献尚未见有关本病的专题报道,为引起临床注意,本文特结合近期文献作一介绍。 Infantile epidemic bronchiolitis, also known as infantile acute bronchiolitis, is a respiratory disease unique to infants and toddlers. Recently, it has been confirmed mainly due to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection, the onset of age is limited to two years of age, mostly in the winter and spring prevalent. The clinical features of the occurrence of bronchial respiratory tract obstruction syndrome, the performance of cough and asthma, expiratory difficulty, obstructive pulmonary emphysema. The disease in recent years in foreign countries there is a trend, the existence of the disease in China, yet to be etiological studies confirmed. In view of the domestic literature has not yet seen the special reports of this disease, in order to attract clinical attention, this article combined with recent literature for an introduction.