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根据本文作者以前的结果,对一种成分为29.4%Mn,3.8%Al,1.9%Mo,0.5%V,0.4%W,0.015%B,0.03%N,0.1%C的奥氏体耐热钢进行了下述研究: (1)热加工塑性:Fe-Mn-Al奥氏体耐热钢的高温可塑性类似于1Cr18Ni9Ti。(2)持久强度:在600—700℃,数千小时的持久强度接近于ЭИ257T(14%Cr,14%Ni,2.15%W,0.5%Mo,0.5%Ti,0.1%C)的水平。(3)时效过程的变化:观察并测定了在600—750℃,保温长达9500小时时效过程中的金相组织变化、沉淀相的类型、冲击功及硬度的变化。在时效过程中顺序沉淀出V_4C_3,M_6C及Laves相,时效变脆的倾向不很大。各种实验结果表明,为节约铬与镍,Fe-Mn-Al奥氏体耐热钢有研究发展的前途,但最大弱点是抗电化学腐蚀能力差,这有待进一步寻求解决途径。同时,指出由Fe-Mn-Al系发展出在630℃左右使用的奥氏体耐热钢是可能的。
According to the author’s previous results, an austenitic heat-resistant steel with the composition of 29.4% Mn, 3.8% Al, 1.9% Mo, 0.5% V, 0.4% W, 0.015% B, 0.03% N, 0.1% C The following studies were carried out: (1) Hot working plasticity: The high temperature plasticity of Fe-Mn-Al austenitic heat-resistant steel is similar to that of 1Cr18Ni9Ti. (2) Durable strength: At 600-700 ° C, the endurance strength for thousands of hours is close to that of ЭИ257T (14% Cr, 14% Ni, 2.15% W, 0.5% Mo, 0.5% Ti, 0.1% C). (3) The change of aging process: The change of microstructure, type of precipitated phase, impact energy and hardness during aging at 600-750 ℃ and holding up to 9500 hours were observed and measured. In the aging process in order to precipitate V_4C_3, M_6C and Laves phase, aging brittle tend not to be large. Various experimental results show that in order to save chromium and nickel, Fe-Mn-Al austenitic heat-resistant steels have a promising future, but the biggest weakness is the poor electrochemical corrosion resistance, which needs to be further explored. At the same time, it is pointed out that it is possible to develop austenitic heat-resistant steels which are used at about 630 ° C from the Fe-Mn-Al system.