理论和实践经验证明 ,以教育为主的人力资本投资可以缩小收入分配差距 ,从而实现兼顾公平的经济增长。经济发展过程中并不必然伴随收入差距扩大的“库兹涅茨效应” ,上世纪亚洲一些新兴国家的经济发展历程证明了这一点。中国当前的收入不平等可以部分归因于教育发展和人力资本存量的相对滞后 ,需要通过加强人力资本投资来缩小收入分配差距。 Theoretical and practical experience shows that investment in human capital mainly based on education can reduce the income distribution gap and achieve fair economic growth. The “Kuznets effect”, which is not necessarily accompanied by the widening income gap in the course of economic development, is evidenced by the economic development of some emerging Asian countries in the last century. China’s current income inequality can be attributed in part to the relative lag in educational development and human capital stock and the need to narrow the income distribution gap by strengthening human capital investment.