论文部分内容阅读
一、物流管理学产生和发展及运输在现代物流中的意义(一)物流管理学的产生和发展物流管理学是近一、二十年以来在国外兴起的一门新学科,它是系统管理科学的新的重要分支。二战以后,西方工业化国家进入经济高速发展阶段,其生产企业为追求利润,千方百计降低生产成本,提高产品产量和产品质量,企业间的竞争主要发生在生产领域。随着生产技术和管理技术的提高,这种竞争日趋激烈,竞争的焦点开始从生产领域转向非生产领域,转向过去那些分散、孤立的,被视为辅助环节而不被重视的,诸如运输、存储、包装、装卸、流通加工等物流活动领域。人们开始研究如何在这些领域里降低物流成本,提高服务质量,创造“第三个利润源泉”。物流管理从此从企业传统的生产和销售活动中分离出来,成为独立的研究领域和学科范围。
First, the logistics management of the emergence and development and transport in the significance of modern logistics (A) the emergence and development of logistics management Logistics management is the recent one or two years in a new discipline abroad, it is the system management The new important branch of science. After the Second World War, the industrialized countries of the West entered a period of rapid economic development. For their pursuit of profit, their manufacturing enterprises tried every means to reduce their production costs and increase their product output and product quality. Competition among enterprises mainly occurred in the production area. With the improvement of production techniques and management techniques, the competition has become more and more intense. The focus of competition has shifted from production to non-production, and has turned to those scattered, isolated and regarded as auxiliary links that have not been valued. Transportation, Storage, packaging, loading and unloading, distribution and processing activities such as logistics activities. People began to study how to reduce logistics costs in these areas, improve service quality and create “a third source of profit.” Since then, the logistics management has been separated from the traditional production and sales activities of enterprises and has become an independent research field and a range of disciplines.