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利用真空热蒸发方法在液体基底表面成功制备出具有自由支撑边界条件的金属铝薄膜系统,研究了薄膜中自发形成的自边界向内部区域逐渐生长而呈带状分布的有序表面结构.该有序结构的形成与薄膜厚度、沉积速率和真空环境中的生长时间等实验参数密切相关,其形成过程可用一个三阶段生长模型来描述.实验证明此类有序结构是在薄膜内应力作用下,铝原子及原子团簇在液体表面自由扩散凝聚所致.进一步的理论研究表明基于特征的边界条件和固液相互作用,该自由支撑铝薄膜系统中包含了丰富的正弦形内应力分布,各种具有不同振幅和频率的正弦形内应力的合成可形成矩形状畴块和带状有序结构.
The aluminum film system with free-supporting boundary conditions was successfully prepared on the surface of liquid substrate by vacuum thermal evaporation method, and the ordered surface structure which formed spontaneously from the boundary to the inner region in the film was gradually distributed and distributed in a ribbon shape. The formation of the ordered structure is closely related to the experimental parameters such as the film thickness, the deposition rate and the growth time in a vacuum environment, and the formation process can be described by a three-stage growth model. Experiments show that the ordered structure is under the stress of the film, The atomic and atomic clusters of aluminum freely diffuse and condense on the surface of the liquid, and further theoretical studies show that based on the characteristic boundary conditions and the solid-liquid interaction, the free-standing aluminum film system contains abundant sinusoidal internal stress distributions, The synthesis of sinusoidal internal stresses of different amplitudes and frequencies can form rectangular domains and banded ordered structures.