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目的了解居室内空气污染对儿童哮喘的影响。方法采用病例-对照流行病学研究设计、通过问卷收集50例儿童哮喘患者及50例非哮喘儿童对照相关信息。结果单因素分析结果显示,达到显著性水平的危险因素包括:被动吸烟(OR=3.55)、室内装修(OR=1.89)、家族过敏史(OR=3.43)以及个体过敏史(OR=4.93)。条件logistic多元回归分析中,被动吸烟、室内装修、家族过敏史和个体过敏史进入了最终模型,OR值分别为3.37,1.74,3.50,4.59。结论儿童哮喘的高发除了遗传因素以外,最主要的是室内小环境污染(呼吸带水平)对儿童呼吸系统健康的影响尤为严重。因此避免室内过度装修,被动吸烟,可以降低室内污染程度,最终达到保护儿童健康的目的。
Objective To understand the impact of indoor air pollution on childhood asthma. Methods A case-control epidemiological study was designed. Fifty children with asthma and 50 controls with non-asthmatic children were collected by questionnaire. Results The univariate analysis showed that the risk factors that reached the significant level included passive smoking (OR = 3.55), interior decoration (OR = 1.89), family history of allergy (OR = 3.43) and history of individual allergy (OR = 4.93). In conditional logistic multiple regression analysis, passive smoking, interior decoration, family history of allergy and individual allergy entered the final model with OR values of 3.37,1.74,3.50,4.59 respectively. Conclusions In addition to genetic factors, the most common incidence of childhood asthma is the small indoor environmental pollution (respiratory level) which has a particularly serious impact on the respiratory health of children. Therefore, to avoid excessive indoor decoration, passive smoking, indoor pollution can be reduced, and ultimately to protect children’s health.