反义寡核苷酸与RNA内靶序列互补核酸片段杂交形成DNA—RNA双链,从而阻断信使RNA翻译成蛋白质。化学和分子生物学进展为反义寡核苷酸的发展及改善其选择、稳定和特异的作用提供了基础。反义技术已广泛用于体内、体外实验,成为研究生物过程的调节机制和治疗癌症、病毒感染和遗传紊乱等疾病潜在的药物工具。 Antisense oligonucleotides hybridize with complementary nucleic acid target sequences to form DNA-RNA duplexes, thereby blocking the translation of messenger RNA into proteins. Advances in chemistry and molecular biology provide the basis for the development of antisense oligonucleotides and their role in selection, stabilization and specificity. Antisense technology has been widely used in in vitro and in vivo experiments as a potential drug tool to study the regulatory mechanisms of biological processes and to treat diseases such as cancer, viral infections and genetic disorders.