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目的探讨不同平衡功能状态的注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)患儿的临床特点。方法收集243例ADHD患儿,对其生理指标及平衡功能进行检测,应用美国精神障碍诊断与统计手册第4版症状问卷、感觉统合能力发展评定量表、Conners行为评定量表、中国韦氏儿童智力量表进行评定,比较平衡功能好的患儿和平衡功能差的患儿的临床特点。结果 243例ADHD患儿中,平衡功能好者92例,平衡功能差者80例。平衡功能好组与平衡功能差组患儿临床亚型及共患病比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。平衡功能好组与平衡功能差组患儿生理指标比较,平衡功能好的患儿体质量和身高均明显高于平衡功能差的患儿,2组比较差异有统计学意义(Pa<0.05)。平衡功能好的患儿前庭因子分显著高于平衡功能差的患儿,多动因子分显著低于平衡功能差的患儿,2组比较差异均有统计学意义(Pa<0.05)。平衡功能好的患儿的总智商和言语理解因子分显著高于平衡功能差的患儿,2组比较差异均有统计学意义(Pa<0.05)。结论平衡功能差的患儿生理发育延迟,认知功能差,行为问题更突出,前庭功能差,在临床中应重视患儿的平衡功能评定,积极开展训练。
Objective To investigate the clinical features of children with attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) with different balance of functional status. Methods Totally 243 ADHD children were collected and their physiological indexes and balance function were tested. The American Psychiatric Handbook of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual Version 4 Symptom Questionnaire, Assessment of Consensus Development Scale, Conners Behavior Rating Scale, Chinese Wechsler Children Intelligence scale to assess the clinical features of children with good balance function and poor balance function. Results Among the 243 children with ADHD, 92 patients had good balance function and 80 patients had poor balance function. There was no significant difference in the clinical subtypes and co-morbidity between the patients with good balance function and those with poor balance function (P> 0.05). Compared with children with poor balance function, the body weight and height of children with good balance function were significantly higher than those with poor balance function (P <0.05). The vestibular factor scores of children with good balance function were significantly higher than those of children with poor balance function, and the multiple factor was significantly lower than those with poor balance function (P <0.05). The children with good balance function had significantly higher IQ and speech comprehension scores than those with poor balance function (P <0.05). Conclusions Children with poor balance function have delayed physiological development, poor cognitive function, more prominent behavioral problems and poor vestibular function. They should pay more attention to the assessment of children’s balance function in clinical practice and actively carry out training.