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以蝴蝶兰‘V31’为材料,观察了花芽分化过程,比较了成花诱导和花芽分化过程中叶片内C/N、核酸及相关代谢物质含量的变化。结果表明:蝴蝶兰花芽分化过程可分为6个阶段,即分化初始期、花序原基分化期、小花原基分化期、萼片原基分化期、花瓣原基分化期和合蕊柱及花粉块分化期。叶片中可溶性糖、淀粉和可溶性蛋白质含量均在低温处理35d达最大值;C/N值的2次高峰先后出现于处理15d和30d,进入花器官分化期,可溶性糖、淀粉和可溶性蛋白质含量及C/N值均呈下降趋势。RNA和总核酸含量的变化趋势一致,处理15d后持续增加,45d后随着合蕊柱和花粉块的大量分化而迅速下降;RNA/DNA值在处理前30d基本稳定,花芽萌出后急剧增长,而DNA含量的变化相对平缓。认为高水平的C/N有利于蝴蝶兰花芽的分化,RNA/DNA值(主要是RNA合成量)的急剧增长与植株由生理分化转向花芽形态分化有关。
Phalaenopsis ’V31’ was used as the material to observe the flower bud differentiation process and to compare the contents of C / N, nucleic acid and related metabolites in the flower bud induction and flower bud differentiation process. The results showed that Phalaenopsis flower bud differentiation process can be divided into six stages: initial stage of differentiation, inflorescence primordium differentiation, primordium differentiation, sepal primordial differentiation, petal primordium differentiation and pistil and pollen block differentiation period. The content of soluble sugar, starch and soluble protein in leaf reached the maximum value at 35d after low temperature treatment. The second peak of C / N value appeared at 15d and 30d after treatment, and entered the floral organ differentiation stage, soluble sugar, starch and soluble protein content and C / N values showed a downward trend. RNA and total nucleic acid showed the same trend. After 15 days of treatment, the RNA and DNA content decreased rapidly after 45 days. The RNA / DNA values were basically stable 30 days before the treatment, The DNA content changes relatively flat. It is believed that the high level of C / N is conducive to the bud differentiation of Phalaenopsis. The dramatic increase of RNA / DNA value (mainly the amount of RNA synthesis) is related to the differentiation of plants from flower bud differentiation to physiological differentiation.