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目的了解现阶段上海市松江区中小学生生长发育的状况和规律,分析生长发育的变化趋势,为青春期保健的研究提供参考数据。方法从松江区30所小学和33所中学中随机抽取27 834名7～17岁在校生,按规范测量其身高、体重。结果松江区7～17岁男生平均身高年均增长4.6 cm,女生年均增长3.5 cm;7～17岁男生平均体重年均增长3.8 kg,女生年均增长2.9 kg。7～17岁男女生的身高及体重差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01),均随年龄的增长而增加。结论松江区中小学生生长发育规律符合全国总体规律,女生生长发育突增年龄与上海市一致,而男生稍晚,生长发育趋势有其显著的年龄性别特征。
Objective To understand the status and laws of the growth and development of primary and secondary school students in Songjiang District of Shanghai at the present stage and to analyze the changing trend of growth and development so as to provide reference data for the study of adolescent health care. Methods A total of 27 834 school-age children aged from 7 to 17 were randomly selected from 30 primary schools and 33 secondary schools in Songjiang District, and their height and weight were measured according to specifications. Results The average height of boys aged 7-17 years in Songjiang district increased by 4.6 cm annually and that of girls was 3.5 cm. The average weight of boys aged 7-17 years increased by 3.8 kg per year and that of girls was 2.9 kg. The differences of height and weight of boys and girls aged 7 ~ 17 were statistically significant (P <0.01), both increased with age. Conclusion The law of growth and development of primary and secondary school students in Songjiang District complies with the general law of the whole country. The growth and growth age of female students is in line with that of Shanghai. However, the late male and female students’ growth and development trends have significant gender characteristics.