本文扼要地叙述了铁路钢轨的发展史、钢轨的作用和性能。介绍了我国钢轨的生产和使甩概况:解放前汉阳铁厂最早生产的“汉阳钢轨”的成分、性能和使用情况;解放后国内各钢厂结合资源特点进行的新钢轨的研制、工艺的改进、铺设使用情况和尚存在的问题等。对近几年来国外钢轨在材质、工艺、轨型(重量)、无缝线路和断面型式等方面的发展动态亦作了简要介绍。 This article briefly describes the history of railroad rails, the role and performance of rails. Introduced the production of rail in our country and made an overview of rejection: the composition, performance and usage of the “Hanyang rail” first produced by Hanyang Iron Works before the liberation; the development of new rails and improvement of technology by the combination of resource characteristics of domestic mills after liberation , Laying the use of the existing problems and so on. In recent years, foreign rail in the material, technology, rail (weight), seamless lines and cross-section of the development of the situation also made a brief introduction.