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目的：了解儿童消化道出血的病因。方法：采用回顾性调查方法对３３例消化道出血患儿进行病因分析。结果：３３例消化道出血患儿中，由十二指肠球部溃疡引起的消化道出血有２１例（６３６％），十二指肠球部溃疡伴浅表性胃炎２例（６０％），糜烂性胃炎１例（３０％），胃溃疡１例（３０％），空肠息肉１例（３０％），消化道多发性息肉综合症１例（３０％），血小板减少性紫瘢１例（３０％），过敏性紫瘢１例（３０％），肝硬化食道下段静脉曲张１例（３０％），青紫型先天性心脏病（单心室）１例（３０％），不明原因者２例（６０％）。结论：十二指肠球部溃疡及胃炎、胃溃疡是儿童时期消化道出血的最常见病因。
Objective: To understand the etiology of children with gastrointestinal bleeding. Methods: The etiological analysis of 33 children with gastrointestinal bleeding was retrospectively investigated. Results: Twenty-one patients (63.6%) had gastrointestinal bleeding caused by duodenal ulcer in 33 children with gastrointestinal bleeding, and 2 cases of duodenal ulcer with superficial gastritis (0%), 1 case of erosive gastritis (30%), 1 case of gastric ulcer (30%), 1 case of jejunal polyps (30%), 1 case of gastrointestinal polyposis syndrome 0%), 1 case of thrombocytopenic purpura (3 0%), 1 case of allergic purpura (3 0%), 1 case of cirrhosis esophageal varices (3 0%), 1 case (30%) had heart disease (single ventricle), 2 cases (60%) had unknown reason. Conclusion: Duodenal ulcer, gastritis and gastric ulcer are the most common causes of gastrointestinal bleeding in childhood.